Penerapan teknik low impact development (LID) untuk optimalisasi sistem drainase (studi kasus: Kecamatan Cianjur)
Kata Kunci:
banjir, LID, SWMM, analisis hidrologi, Kecamatan Cianjur
Abstrak
Kecamatan Cianjur sering mengalami banjir akibat tingginya curah hujan, terbatasnya lahan resapan air, dan ketidakseimbangan antara tingkat pembangunan dengan kapasitas drainase. Menyikapi tantangan ini, penelitian mengusulkan penerapan Low Impact Development (LID) sebagai solusi untuk mengurangi risiko banjir. Analisis hidrologi menggunakan data curah hujan dan debit limpasan dilakukan untuk menghitung volume aliran air pada kondisi eksisting dan skenario penerapan LID. Simulasi menggunakan perangkat lunak Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) versi 5.2 dengan 3 skenario, yaitu: 1) skenario tanpa LID yang menghasilkan debit limpasan sebesar 8.748,26 m3/s; 2) skenario penerapan rain barrel sebesar 7.318,28 m3/s; dan 3) skenario kombinasi rain barrel dan kolam retensi yang mampu mereduksi nilai menjadi 118,28 m3/s. Skenario ketiga merupakan opsi paling efektif sebagai strategi pengelolaan drainase di Kecamatan Cianjur.
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Referensi
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Ahiablame LM, Engel BA and Chaubey I. 2012. Effectiveness of low impact development practices: literature review and suggestions for future research. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 223:4253-4273.
Ahiablame LM, Engel BA and Chaubey I. 2013. Effectiveness of low impact development practices in two urbanized watersheds: Retrofitting with rain barrel/cistern and porous pavement. Journal of Environmental Management 119:151-161.
[BMKG] Badan Meteorologi, Klimatologi dan Geofisika. 2023. Data curah hujan wilayah Kabupaten Cianjur. BMKG. Jakarta.
[BPBD] Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah Kabupaten Cianjur. 2023. Laporan kejadian banjir di Daerah Aliran Sungai Cisokan Tahun 2023. BPBD Kabupaten Cianjur. Cianjur.
[BPS] Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Cianjur. 2023. Kabupaten Cianjur dalam Angka 2023. BPS Kabupaten Cianjur. Cianjur.
Bai Y, Zhao N, Zhang R and Zeng X. 2018. Storm water management of low impact development in urban areas based on SWMM. Water 11(1):33.
Burns MJ, Fletcher TD, Walsh CJ, Ladson AR and Hatt BE. 2012. Hydrologic shortcomings of conventional urban stormwater management and opportunities for reform. Landscape and urban planning 105(3):230-240.
[DID Malaysia] Department of Irrigation and Drainage Malaysia. 2010. Urban Stormwater Management Manual for Malaysia. DID Malaysia. Kuala Lumpur.
Eckart K, McPhee Z and Bolisetti T. 2017. Performance and implementation of low impact development - a review. Science of the total environment 607:413-432.
GebreEgziabher M and Demissie, Y. 2020. Modeling urban flood inundation and recession impacted by manholes. Water 12(4):1160.
Haryono A, Setiawan R and Putri DR. 2022. Penataan ruang perkotaan dan dampaknya terhadap kualitas lingkungan dan risiko banjir. Jurnal Perencanaan Wilayah dan Kota 33(2):145-158.
Ibrahim A and Nugraha R. 2023. Pengaruh perencanaan tata ruang dan sistem drainase terhadap kejadian banjir perkotaan. Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan 29(1): 65-74.
Liu Y, Bralts VF and Engel, B. A. 2015. Evaluating the effectiveness of management practices on hydrology and water quality at watershed scale with a rainfall-runoff model. Science of the total environment 511:298-308.
Marwati S, Pratomo D and Lestari E. 2022. Efektivitas Low Impact Development dalam meningkatkan infiltrasi dan mengurangi limpasan permukaan. Jurnal Sumber Daya Air 18(1):45-56.
Pemerintah Kabupaten Cianjur. 2021. Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Daerah (RPJMD) Kabupaten Cianjur Tahun 2021-2025. Bappeda Kabupaten Cianjur. Cianjur.
Permanasari E, Wijaya M, Feliren V, Khikmah F, Lechner A, Virani A and Saputra R. 2025. Enhancing urban resilience through integrated flood policy and planning: a mixed-methods evaluation of retention ponds for flood mitigation in South Bandung. AQUA-Water Infrastructure, Ecosystems and Society 72(2):267-282.
Pratama A and Nugroho B. 2021. Pengaruh curah hujan dan perubahan penggunaan lahan terhadap kejadian banjir di wilayah perkotaan. Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan 27(1):45-54.
[PPKSDA] Pusat Pengembangan Kompetensi Sumber Daya Air dan Permukiman. 2020. Modul 5: Pengukuran Hidrologi. Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat. Bandung.
Rossman LA and Simon MA. 2022. Storm water management model user’s manual version 5.2. United States Environmental Protection Agency. Cincinnati.
Sururi MR and Fadlurrohman F. 2024. Perencanaan Sistem Drainase Berkelanjutan di Daerah Aliran Sungai Cinambo dengan Konsep Low Impact Development. Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan 22(6):1626-1636.
Syafitri N and Wibowo A. 2021. Penerapan konsep Low Impact Development dalam pengelolaan limpasan air hujan di kawasan perkotaan. Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan 27(2):89-98.
Soemarto CD. 1987. Hidrologi teknik. Erlangga. Jakarta.
Susanti R and Widodo T. 2022. Pengaruh pertumbuhan penduduk terhadap kinerja sistem drainase perkotaan. Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan 28(2):101-110.
Te Chow V, Maidment DR and Mays LW. 2010. Applied Hydrology. McGraw-Hill Education.
Walsh TC, Pomeroy CA and Burian SJ. 2014. Hydrologic modeling analysis of a passive, residential rainwater harvesting program in an urbanized, semi-arid watershed. Journal of hydrology 508:240-253.
Ward RC and Robinson M. 2000. Principles of Hydrology. McGraw-Hill. Maidenhead.
Ahiablame LM, Engel BA and Chaubey I. 2012. Effectiveness of low impact development practices: literature review and suggestions for future research. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 223:4253-4273.
Ahiablame LM, Engel BA and Chaubey I. 2013. Effectiveness of low impact development practices in two urbanized watersheds: Retrofitting with rain barrel/cistern and porous pavement. Journal of Environmental Management 119:151-161.
[BMKG] Badan Meteorologi, Klimatologi dan Geofisika. 2023. Data curah hujan wilayah Kabupaten Cianjur. BMKG. Jakarta.
[BPBD] Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah Kabupaten Cianjur. 2023. Laporan kejadian banjir di Daerah Aliran Sungai Cisokan Tahun 2023. BPBD Kabupaten Cianjur. Cianjur.
[BPS] Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Cianjur. 2023. Kabupaten Cianjur dalam Angka 2023. BPS Kabupaten Cianjur. Cianjur.
Bai Y, Zhao N, Zhang R and Zeng X. 2018. Storm water management of low impact development in urban areas based on SWMM. Water 11(1):33.
Burns MJ, Fletcher TD, Walsh CJ, Ladson AR and Hatt BE. 2012. Hydrologic shortcomings of conventional urban stormwater management and opportunities for reform. Landscape and urban planning 105(3):230-240.
[DID Malaysia] Department of Irrigation and Drainage Malaysia. 2010. Urban Stormwater Management Manual for Malaysia. DID Malaysia. Kuala Lumpur.
Eckart K, McPhee Z and Bolisetti T. 2017. Performance and implementation of low impact development - a review. Science of the total environment 607:413-432.
GebreEgziabher M and Demissie, Y. 2020. Modeling urban flood inundation and recession impacted by manholes. Water 12(4):1160.
Haryono A, Setiawan R and Putri DR. 2022. Penataan ruang perkotaan dan dampaknya terhadap kualitas lingkungan dan risiko banjir. Jurnal Perencanaan Wilayah dan Kota 33(2):145-158.
Ibrahim A and Nugraha R. 2023. Pengaruh perencanaan tata ruang dan sistem drainase terhadap kejadian banjir perkotaan. Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan 29(1): 65-74.
Liu Y, Bralts VF and Engel, B. A. 2015. Evaluating the effectiveness of management practices on hydrology and water quality at watershed scale with a rainfall-runoff model. Science of the total environment 511:298-308.
Marwati S, Pratomo D and Lestari E. 2022. Efektivitas Low Impact Development dalam meningkatkan infiltrasi dan mengurangi limpasan permukaan. Jurnal Sumber Daya Air 18(1):45-56.
Pemerintah Kabupaten Cianjur. 2021. Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Daerah (RPJMD) Kabupaten Cianjur Tahun 2021-2025. Bappeda Kabupaten Cianjur. Cianjur.
Permanasari E, Wijaya M, Feliren V, Khikmah F, Lechner A, Virani A and Saputra R. 2025. Enhancing urban resilience through integrated flood policy and planning: a mixed-methods evaluation of retention ponds for flood mitigation in South Bandung. AQUA-Water Infrastructure, Ecosystems and Society 72(2):267-282.
Pratama A and Nugroho B. 2021. Pengaruh curah hujan dan perubahan penggunaan lahan terhadap kejadian banjir di wilayah perkotaan. Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan 27(1):45-54.
[PPKSDA] Pusat Pengembangan Kompetensi Sumber Daya Air dan Permukiman. 2020. Modul 5: Pengukuran Hidrologi. Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat. Bandung.
Rossman LA and Simon MA. 2022. Storm water management model user’s manual version 5.2. United States Environmental Protection Agency. Cincinnati.
Sururi MR and Fadlurrohman F. 2024. Perencanaan Sistem Drainase Berkelanjutan di Daerah Aliran Sungai Cinambo dengan Konsep Low Impact Development. Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan 22(6):1626-1636.
Syafitri N and Wibowo A. 2021. Penerapan konsep Low Impact Development dalam pengelolaan limpasan air hujan di kawasan perkotaan. Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan 27(2):89-98.
Soemarto CD. 1987. Hidrologi teknik. Erlangga. Jakarta.
Susanti R and Widodo T. 2022. Pengaruh pertumbuhan penduduk terhadap kinerja sistem drainase perkotaan. Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan 28(2):101-110.
Te Chow V, Maidment DR and Mays LW. 2010. Applied Hydrology. McGraw-Hill Education.
Walsh TC, Pomeroy CA and Burian SJ. 2014. Hydrologic modeling analysis of a passive, residential rainwater harvesting program in an urbanized, semi-arid watershed. Journal of hydrology 508:240-253.
Ward RC and Robinson M. 2000. Principles of Hydrology. McGraw-Hill. Maidenhead.
Diterbitkan
2025-12-27
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Sururi, M., Badrukamal, L., Djembarmanah, R., & Fadlurrohman, F. (2025). Penerapan teknik low impact development (LID) untuk optimalisasi sistem drainase (studi kasus: Kecamatan Cianjur). Jurnal Pengelolaan Lingkungan Berkelanjutan (Journal of Environmental Sustainability Management), 9(3), 246-264. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.36813/jplb.9.3.246-264
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